Tasirin Zazzaɓin Ruwa mai sanyaya akan Tsarukan Gyaran Crystal

 

C zafin jiki shine ma'aunin tsari mai mahimmanci a cikin ja da kristal da gyare-gyaren extrusion, ƙayyade ingancin samfur kai tsaye, ingancin samarwa, da kwanciyar hankali na kayan aiki. Tasirinsa ya mamaye gabaɗayan tsari, tare da tasiri mai mahimmanci a cikin tasirin kewayon zafin jiki daban-daban, yana buƙatar daidaitaccen sarrafawa wanda ya dace da ainihin buƙatun tsari. Abubuwan da ke biyowa suna dalla-dalla takamaiman tasirin yanayin sanyi na ruwa akan waɗannan matakai guda biyu, suna bayanin wuraren sarrafawa a cikin mahallin ainihin yanayin samarwa.

 

 

I. Tasirin Zafin Ruwan Sanyi akan Tsarin Jawo Crystal

 

Tushen tsarin ja da lu'ulu'u (ciki har da ci gaban singlestal da polycrystalline) shine a cimma ingantaccen ci gaban lu'ulu'u daga narke zuwa ƙaƙƙarfan yanayi ta daidaitaccen iko na filin thermal. Matsakaicin zafin ruwa mai sanyaya yana aiki akan tsarin sanyaya tanderu, a kaikaice yana daidaita yanayin zafin jiki mai ƙarfi{1}}ruwa, ta haka yana shafar ingancin crystal da ingancin girma.

 

Lokacin da zafin ruwa ya yi yawa, ƙarfin ɓarkewar zafi na coolystem bai isa ba, yana haifar da haɓakar yanayin yanayin zafi da rashin kwanciyar hankali a cikin tanderun. A hannu ɗaya, ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan mu'amalar ruwa yana motsawa sama kuma ya zama tudu, ya zama ƙaƙƙarfan girma na crystal. Wannan cikin sauƙi yana haifar da lahani kamar ɓarna, zamewa, da iyakokin hatsi, yana ƙara ƙazanta rarrabuwa, kuma yana rage tsaftar kristal da ƙaddarorin injiniyoyi, yana iya haifar da fashewar crystal da katsewar girma. A daya hannun, saura zafi daga thermal filin ba za a iya tarwatsa a cikin lokaci, mika crystal girma sake zagayowar da kuma reducinn yadda ya dace, yayin da accelerating tsufa na tanderu sassa da kuma rage kayan aiki rayuwa.

 

 

 

 

Lokacin da zafin ruwan ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, yana haifar da sanyaya da yawa, yana haifar da yanayin yanayin zafin jiki ya ragu da sauri da ƙirƙirar girman girman zafin jiki mai ƙarfi a ƙaƙƙarfan mu'amalar ruwa. Wannan yana haifar da ƙimar girma mara daidaituwa, mai yuwuwa ga al'amura kamar jujjuyawar diamita da mugun sace. A lokaci guda, matsananciyar zafi yana haifar da matsanancin zafi a cikin kristal, yana mai da hankali ga fashe yayin aiki na gaba. Bugu da ƙari, ƙarancin zafin ruwa fiye da kima na iya haifar da daskarewa ko daskarewa a cikin coes, toshe layukan, yin tasiri na yau da kullun na tsarin sanyaya, har ma da lalata tsarin rufe tanderu.

 

 

A zahirin samarwa, zafin ruwa mai sanyaya don jan kristal dole ne a daidaita shi bisa kayan kristal (kamar silicon, germanium, sapphire) da sigogin tsarin girma. Yawancin lokaci ana sarrafa shi tsakanin digiri 20{2}} 35, kiyaye tsayayyen ruwan zafi don guje wa manyan sauye-sauye, yana tabbatar da fa'ida mai ɗorewa{3}} ruwa mai ɗorewa da ingantaccen filin zafi, don haka samun lu'ulu'u masu inganci.

 

 

II. Tasirin Zazzaɓin Ruwa mai sanyaya akan Tsarin Motsawa

 

 

A cikin gyare-gyaren extrusion (wanda ya dace da manyan kayan kwayoyin kamar su robobi da rubbers), zafin jiki mai sanyaya ruwa yana aiki kai tsaye a kan narke bayan extrusion, yana shafar siffar samfurin, daidaiton girman, da kaddarorin inji. Mahimmancin kulawar sa kai tsaye yana ƙayyade ƙimar izinin samfurin ƙarshe.

 

 

Lokacin da zafin ruwa ya yi yawa, yawan sanyaya ya yi jinkiri, yana ƙara lokacin daidaitawa. Wannan cikin sauƙi yana haifar da raguwar samfur mara daidaituwa, juzu'i mai wuce kima, da lahani kamar alamomin nutsewar ƙasa da ripples. Don kayan zafi{2} (sucas PVC, PE), yawan zafin jiki na ruwa na iya haifar da laushi na biyu, yana haifar da mannewa da al'amuran nakasa, yayin da kuma ƙara yanayin samarwa da rage inganci. Bugu da ƙari, rashin isasshen sanyaya yana hana haɓakar damuwa na ciki gabaɗaya, yana mai da samfurin ya zama mai saurin faɗa da fashewa yayin amfani na gaba.

 

 

 

 

Lokacin da zafin ruwan ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, yawan sanyaya yana da sauri fiye da kima, yana haifar da narkewar saman da sauri yayin da cikin ke ƙara narkewa. Wannan cikin sauƙi yana haifar da babban bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin ciki da waje, yana haifar da damuwa na ciki a cikin samfurin da batutuwa kamar fatattaka da ɓarna. A lokaci guda, saurin sanyaya yana rage kyalli na samfurin, yana haifar da lahani kamar rami da karce; don siraran samfuran{2}, yana iya haifar da rashin cikar gyare-gyare da wuce gona da iri akan gefuna da kusurwoyi.

 

 

Abubuwan extrusion daban-daban suna da buƙatu daban-daban don yanayin sanyi na ruwa. Alal misali, yawan zafin jiki na ruwa don tsattsauran ra'ayi na PVC yawanci ana sarrafa shi zuwa digiri 15-25, PVC mai laushi a digiri 25-30, da polyethylene da polypropylene a 20-30 digiri. Yayin samarwa, ana daidaita zafin ruwa cikin sassauƙa dangane da kaddarorin kayan, girman samfur, da siffa, yayin da ake kiyaye yanayin zafin ruwa iri ɗaya don guje wa lahani samfurin da ke haifar da rashin daidaituwar sanyi na gida.

 

 

 

 

A taƙaice, tasirin ruwan zafi mai sanyaya a kan ƙwanƙwasa kristal da tsarin gyare-gyaren extrusion ya ta'allaka ne akan "samar da yanayin zafin jiki" da "tsararriyar samfur / kwanciyar hankali." Dukansu matsanancin zafi da ƙarancin ruwa za su haifar da raguwar ingancin samfur da rage haɓakar samarwa. A cikin ainihin samarwa, ya zama dole don saita yanayin zafin ruwa mai dacewa bisa ga buƙatun tsari da kaddarorin kayan aiki, da kuma samar da daidaitaccen tsarin kula da ruwa don tabbatar da daidaiton tsari da haɓaka ƙimar wucewar samfur da fa'idodin samarwa.